Pendahuluan
Teknologi telah mencapai tingkat yang tak terbayangkan sebelumnya dan salah satu sektor yang telah merasakan pengaruhnya adalah teknik dan instrumentasi. Salah satu instrumen teknik yang sangat penting adalah Thermo Hygrometer, alat yang digunakan untuk mengukur suhu dan kelembaban lingkungan.
Apa Itu Thermo Hygrometer dan Bagaimana Cara Kerjanya?
Thermohygrometer adalah alat yang mempunyai dua indikator pengukuran yaitu thermometer dan hygrometer. Thermometer berfungsi untuk mengukur suhu pada suatu ruangan, sedangkan hygrometer berfungsi untuk mengukur kelembaban pada suatu ruangan. Jadi, bisa disimpulkan bahwa thermohygrometer berfungsi untuk mengukur suhu dan kelembaban di suatu tempat baik itu indoor (dalam ruangan) maupun outdoor (luar ruangan).
Proses Pengukuran dengan Thermo Hygrometer
Proses pengukuran thermohygrometer terdapat dua skala, yang satu menunjukan temperatur dan yang satu lagi menunjukkan kelembaban. Thermohygrometer terbagi menjadi dua jenis yaitu thermohygrometer analog dan thermohygrometer digital. Thermohygrometer digital menunjukkan suhu dan kelembaban dengan angka yang jelas seperti jam tangan digital, sedangkan thermohygrometer analog dapat menunjukkan suhu dan kelembaban dengan jarum jam.
Anda sedang merujuk ke sebuah alat yang disebut psikrometer, sebuah jenis thermohygrometer yang menggunakan prinsip dry bulb dan wet bulb untuk mengukur kelembaban udara. Dalam konteks ini, dry bulb merujuk pada termometer biasa yang mengukur suhu udara, sementara wet bulb merujuk pada termometer yang sumbunya dibasahi dengan air dan dibiarkan menguap.
Begitu air menguap dari sumbu basah pada termometer wet bulb, proses ini menyerap energi dalam bentuk panas, yang menghasilkan penurunan suhu pada termometer tersebut. Kedua termometer ini (dry dan wet bulb) biasanya dipasang bersamaan dalam satu alat, dan perbedaan suhu antara keduanya digunakan untuk menentukan kelembaban udara.
Jika udara sangat kering, penguapan dari sumbu termometer wet bulb akan lebih besar, yang berarti suhunya akan lebih rendah daripada termometer dry bulb. Sebaliknya, jika udara sudah sangat lembab (sedikit atau tidak ada ruang untuk lebih banyak uap air), penguapan dari sumbu termometer wet bulb akan minimal, dan suhunya hampir sama dengan termometer dry bulb.
Kelembaban relatif udara kemudian dapat ditentukan dengan mencari perbedaan suhu antara termometer dry dan wet bulb pada tabel psikrometrik atau menggunakan kalkulasi matematis. Meskipun proses ini mungkin tampak sedikit rumit, psikrometer merupakan alat yang sangat efektif dan akurat untuk mengukur kelembaban udara.
Thermohygrometer terbagi menjadi dua jenis utama:
- Thermohygrometer Analog: Menggunakan mekanisme fisik untuk menunjukkan suhu dan kelembaban. Biasanya terdapat dua skala, satu untuk suhu dan satu lagi untuk kelembaban. Jarum penunjuknya bergerak berdasarkan perubahan suhu atau kelembaban. Meski tidak memberikan pembacaan yang tepat, jenis ini biasanya cukup akurat untuk kebanyakan kebutuhan dan lebih tahan terhadap kerusakan mekanis.
- Thermohygrometer Digital: Memberikan pembacaan suhu dan kelembaban dalam format digital, biasanya ditampilkan pada layar LCD. Keuntungan utama dari jenis ini adalah pembacaan yang tepat dan mudah dibaca, serta fitur tambahan seperti memori untuk merekam suhu dan kelembaban maksimum dan minimum, dan kadang-kadang juga alarm untuk memberi tahu jika suhu atau kelembaban melampaui batas tertentu.
Pemilihan antara thermohygrometer analog dan digital biasanya bergantung pada preferensi pengguna dan kebutuhan spesifik.
Di Indonesia, ada beberapa merek thermohygrometer yang populer dan mudah ditemukan, baik itu model analog maupun digital. Beberapa merek ini meliputi:
Saat mencari thermohygrometer terbaik, ada beberapa hal yang harus dipertimbangkan, termasuk akurasi pengukuran, kemudahan penggunaan, kualitas bahan, dan fitur-fitur tambahan. Berikut ini beberapa review singkat untuk beberapa thermohygrometer yang sangat direkomendasikan:
- Fluke 971 Temperature Humidity Meter: Alat ini dikenal karena akurasinya yang luar biasa dan kemampuannya untuk melakukan pengukuran cepat. Memiliki fitur min/max/avg untuk membantu melacak variasi suhu dan kelembaban sepanjang waktu. Selain itu, memiliki layar LCD yang mudah dibaca dengan pencahayaan belakang untuk kondisi pencahayaan yang rendah.
- Extech 445715 Hygro-Thermometer: Model ini memiliki fitur alarm yang memperingatkan ketika suhu atau kelembaban melampaui batas yang ditentukan pengguna. Thermohygrometer ini dirancang untuk dipasang di dinding, membuatnya ideal untuk penggunaan di rumah atau kantor.
- Testo 605i Thermo-Hygrometer: Alat ini sangat canggih dan akurat, dengan kemampuan untuk mengukur kelembaban udara, suhu udara, dan temperatur titik embun di saluran udara dan ruangan. Selain itu, Testo 605i dapat dihubungkan ke smartphone melalui Bluetooth, memungkinkan Anda untuk melihat dan mencatat data langsung dari ponsel Anda.
- Elitech HTC-2 Thermohygrometer: Thermohygrometer ini memiliki layar LCD besar yang menampilkan suhu dan kelembaban secara bersamaan. Dilengkapi dengan jam dan kalender, serta fitur alarm. Sangat ideal untuk penggunaan sehari-hari di rumah atau kantor.
- Smart Sensor AS218 Handheld Thermo-Hygrometer: Alat ini memiliki fungsi pengukuran suhu dan kelembaban secara real-time, serta fitur memori untuk menyimpan data. Tampilan LCD-nya mudah dibaca dan memiliki lampu latar untuk penggunaan dalam kondisi cahaya rendah.
Ingatlah bahwa “terbaik” adalah hal yang relatif dan sangat tergantung pada kebutuhan dan budget Anda. Selalu penting untuk melakukan penelitian sendiri sebelum melakukan pembelian.
Perbandingan harga dari beberapa merek thermohygrometer bisa sangat beragam tergantung pada fitur, akurasi, dan merek alat tersebut. Berikut ini adalah estimasi harga beberapa merek yang umum (per Juni 2023, harga dapat berubah):
- Fluke 971 Temperature Humidity Meter: Dalam kisaran harga Rp 4.000.000 – Rp 5.000.000.
- Extech 445715 Hygro-Thermometer: Dalam kisaran harga Rp 1.500.000 – Rp 2.000.000.
- Testo 605i Thermo-Hygrometer: Dalam kisaran harga Rp 2.500.000 – Rp 3.500.000.
- Elitech HTC-2 Thermohygrometer: Dalam kisaran harga Rp 100.000 – Rp 200.000.
- Smart Sensor AS218 Handheld Thermo-Hygrometer: Dalam kisaran harga Rp 500.000 – Rp 1.000.000.
Harap dicatat bahwa harga dapat bervariasi tergantung pada tempat pembelian dan penawaran khusus atau diskon yang mungkin berlaku. Selain itu, saat membeli alat ini, penting untuk mempertimbangkan biaya tambahan seperti ongkos kirim atau biaya perawatan (jika diperlukan). Pastikan juga bahwa alat tersebut dilengkapi dengan garansi untuk melindungi investasi Anda.
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